What is Cholelithiasis Cholelithiasis refers to the presence of gallstones within the gallbladder. Gallstones form when components of bile, most commonly cholesterol or bilirubin, precipitate and crystallize. It is one of the most common disorders of the biliary system. In many cases, cholelithiasis may remain asymptomatic for long periods and is often diagnosed incidentally. Causes and Risk Factors The exact mechanism of gallstone formation is not always fully understood. Ho